Guide for references

Current guide is based on recommendations of International Committee of Medical Journal Editors - ICMJE, Rules for submitting journals to the RSCI and the requirements of the Higher Attestation Commission.

General information

All references are listed as they appear in text, and not in alphabetical order. Bibliographic references are given in the text in square brackets in Arabic numerals.

The bibliographic description of each reference must contain ALL AUTHORS. If the article has more than 4 authors, then abbreviations "..., etc." or "..., et al should be put after the name of the 3rd author.

The titles of the English-language journals should be brought in line with the catalog of titles of the MedLine database. If the journal is not indexed in MedLine, you must indicate its full name.

To describe the issue date, volume, journal number and pages of the article, the abbreviated recording format should be used.

Bibliographic references describing Russian-language sources should consist of two parts: in Russian and in English (in a row). First, the Russian part of the description should be given, then the English part [in square brackets].

Bibliographic references in Russian (its Russian part) should be written in accordance with GOST R 7.0.5-2008.

English part of the bibliographic references in Russian should be written using Vancouver formatting (AMA version).

A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) should be provided for each reference, if available. You should check for the doi of the article on http://search.crossref.org/ or https://www.citethisforme.com. To get the DOI, you need to enter the title of the article in English into the search box.

Example:

Zhang M, Holman CD, Price SD. Comorbidity and repeat admission to hospital for adverse drug reactions in older adults: retrospective cohort study. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2009;338:a2752. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a2752

If the article is written in Latin (German, Finnish, Danish, Italian, etc.), it must be cited in its original form:

Ellingsen AE, Wilhelmsen I. Sykdomsangst blant medisin- og jusstudenter. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2002;122(8):785-787. (in Norwegian).

If the article is written NOT in Latin - in Cyrillic (including Russian), hieroglyphs, etc., you need to transliter the entire link in square brackets and put it right atfer the correctly formatted link in the original spelling. The surnames and initials of all authors in Latin and the title of the article in English should be given as they are given in the original publication

Example:

Григорян О.Р., Шереметьева Е.В., Андреева Е.Н., Дедов И.И. Планирование беременности у женщин с сахарным диабетом. // Вестник репродуктивного здоровья. – 2011. – №1. – С.23-31. [Grigoryan OR, Sheremet'eva EV, Andreeva EN, Dedov II. Planirovanie beremennosti u zhenshchin s sakharnym diabetom. Vestnik reproduktivnogo zdorov'ya. 2011;(1):23-31. (In Russ).]

If the article has an official translation of the title, it must be inserted instead of the transliteration in square brackets after the original writing of the bibliographic reference to the source.

Example:

Григорян О.Р., Шереметьева Е.В., Андреева Е.Н., Дедов И.И. Планирование беременности у женщин с сахарным диабетом. // Вестник репродуктивного здоровья. – 2011. – №1. – С.23-31. [Grigoryan OR, Sheremet'eva EV, Andreeva EN, Dedov II. Planning of pregnancy in women with diabetes. Vestnik reproduktivnogo zdorov'ya. 2011;(1):23-31. (In Russ).]

Examples of the correct formatting of references in bibliography

1. Journal article

   Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2002;347(4):284-287.

2. The author of the article is an organization

   Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Hypertension, insulin, and proinsulin in participants with impaired glucose tolerance. Hypertension. 2002;40(5):679-686.

3. The authors of the article are both individual scientists and organizations

   Vallancien G, Emberton M, Harving N, van Moorselaar RJ; Alf-One Study Group. Sexual dysfunction in 1,274 European men suffering from lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol. 2003;169(6):2257-2261.

4. The article does not have individual authors

   21st century heart solution may have a sting in the tail. BMJ. 2002;325(7357):184

5. Article in the supplement to the journal

   Geraud G, Spierings EL, Keywood C. Tolerability and safety of frovatriptan with short- and long-term use for treatment of migraine and in comparison with sumatriptan. Headache. 2002;42 Suppl 2:S93-99.

6. Article in the supplement to the journal or in a special issue

   Glauser TA. Integrating clinical trial data into clinical practice. Neurology. 2002;58(12 Suppl 7):S6-12.

7. The volume of the journal is divided into parts

   Abend SM, Kulish N. The psychoanalytic method from an epistemological viewpoint. Int J Psychoanal. 2002;83(Pt 2):491-495.

8. The issue of the journal is divided into parts

   Ahrar K, Madoff DC, Gupta S, Wallace MJ, Price RE, Wright KC. Development of a large animal model for lung tumors. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2002;13(9 Pt 1):923-928.

9. The journal doesn't have volumes

   Banit DM, Kaufer H, Hartford JM. Intraoperative frozen section analysis in revision total joint arthroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics. 2002;(401):230-238.

10. The journal doesn’t have either volumes or issues

    Outreach: bringing HIV-positive individuals into care. HRSA Careaction. 2002:1-6.

11. Non-latin page numbers

    Chadwick R, Schuklenk U. The politics of ethical consensus finding. Bioethics. 2002;16(2):III-V.

12. Letters, abstracts<

    Tor M, Turker H. International approaches to the prescription of long-term oxygen therapy [letter]. Eur Respir J. 2002;20(1):242.

    Lofwall MR, Strain EC, Brooner RK, Kindbom KA, Bigelow GE. Characteristics of older methadone maintenance (MM) patients [abstract]. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002;66 Suppl 1:S105.

13. Article republished with corrections

    Mansharamani M, Chilton BS. The reproductive importance of P-type ATPases. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2002;188(1-2):22-52. Corrected and republished from: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2001;183(1-2):123-126.

14. Comments

    Malinowski JM, Bolesta S. Rosiglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a critical review. Clinical Therapeutics. 2000;22(10):1151-1168; discussion 1149-1150. Erratum in: Clin Ther. 2001;23(2):309.

Books

15. The book has several authors

    Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.

    Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996.

16. The book has one or more editors

    Gilstrap LC 3rd, Cunningham FG, VanDorsten JP, editors. Operative obstetrics. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002.

    Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, editors. Mental health care for elderly people. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.

17. The book has both authors and editors

    Breedlove GK, Schorfheide AM. Adolescent pregnancy. 2nd ed. Wieczorek RR, editor. White Plains (NY): March of Dimes Education Services; 2001.

18. Organization is the author of the book

    Advanced Life Support Group. Acute medical emergencies: the practical approach. London: BMJ Books; 2001. 454 p.

    American Occupational Therapy Association, Ad Hoc Committee on Occupational Therapy Manpower. Occupational therapy manpower: a plan for progress. Rockville (MD): The Association; 1985 Apr. 84 p.

    National Lawyer's Guild AIDs Network (US); National Gay Rights Advocates (US). AIDS practice manual: a legal and educational guide. 2nd ed. San Francisco: The Network; 1988.

19. Chapter of the book

    Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113.

20. Abstract from a conference

    Harnden P, Joffe JK, Jones WG, editors. Germ cell tumours V. Proceedings of the 5th Germ Cell Tumour Conference; 2001 Sep 13-15; Leeds, UK. New York: Springer; 2002.

    Christensen S, Oppacher F. An analysis of Koza's computational effort statistic for genetic programming. In: Foster JA, Lutton E, Miller J, Ryan C, Tettamanzi AG, editors. Genetic programming. EuroGP 2002: Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Genetic Programming; 2002 Apr 3-5; Kinsdale, Ireland. Berlin: Springer; 2002. p. 182-91.

21. Scientific or technical report (be sure to indicate the organization conducting the research)

    Yen GG (Oklahoma State University, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stillwater, OK). Health monitoring on vibration signatures. Final report. Arlington (VA): Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US), Air Force Research Laboratory; 2002 Feb. Report No.: AFRLSRBLTR020123. Contract No.: F496209810049.

    Russell ML, Goth-Goldstein R, Apte MG, Fisk WJ. Method for measuring the size distribution of airborne Rhinovirus. Berkeley (CA): Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division; 2002 Jan. Report No.: LBNL49574. Contract No.: DEAC0376SF00098. Sponsored by the Department of Energy.

22. PhD thesis

    Borkowski MM. Infant sleep and feeding: a telephone survey of Hispanic Americans [dissertation]. Mount Pleasant (MI): Central Michigan University; 2002.

23. Patent

    Pagedas AC, inventor; Ancel Surgical R&D Inc., assignee. Flexible endoscopic grasping and cutting device and positioning tool assembly. United States patent US 20020103498. 2002 Aug 1.

    Other published materials

24. Newspaper article

    Tynan T. Medical improvements lower homicide rate: study sees drop in assault rate. The Washington Post. 2002 Aug 12;Sect. A:2 (col. 4).

25. Multimedia materials

    Chason KW, Sallustio S. Hospital preparedness for bioterrorism [videocassette]. Secaucus (NJ): Network for Continuing Medical Education; 2002.

    Hormone replacement therapy [audio]. National Public Radio. August 5, 2002. Available at: http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1147833. Accessed March 4, 2004.

26. Legislative documents

    Veterans Hearing Loss Compensation Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-9, 115 Stat. 11 (May 24, 2001).

    Healthy Children Learn Act, S. 1012, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001).

    Cardiopulmonary Bypass Intracardiac Suction Control, 21 C.F.R. Sect. 870.4430 (2002).

    Arsenic in Drinking Water: An Update on the Science, Benefits and Cost: Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Environment, Technology and Standards of the House Comm. on Science, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (Oct. 4, 2001).

27. Maps

    Pratt B, Flick P, Vynne C, cartographers. Biodiversity hotspots [map]. Washington: Conservation International; 2000.

28. Dictionary

    Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary. 29th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2000. Filamin; p. 675.

Unpublished materials

29. Articles accepted for publication

    Tian D, Araki H, Stahl E, Bergelson J, Kreitman M. Signature of balancing selection in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. Forthcoming 2002.

Electronic materials

30. CD-ROM

    Anderson SC, Poulsen KB. Anderson's electronic atlas of hematology [CD-ROM]. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002.

31. Publications in electronic versions of journals

    Abood S. Quality improvement initiative in nursing homes: the ANA acts in an advisory role. Am J Nurs [Internet]. 2002 Jun [cited 2002 Aug 12];102(6):[about 1 p.]. Available from: http://www.nursingworld.org/AJN/2002/june/Wawatch.htmArticle

    Abood S. Quality improvement initiative in nursing homes: the ANA acts in an advisory role. Am J Nurs. 2002 Jun [cited 2002 Aug 12];102(6):[about 1 p.]. Available from: http://www.nursingworld.org/AJN/2002/june/Wawatch.htmArticle

Any sources with Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Zhang M, Holman CD, Price SD, Sanfilippo FM, Preen DB, Bulsara MK. Comorbidity and repeat admission to hospital for adverse drug reactions in older adults: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009;338:a2752. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a2752.

32. Monographs published on the Internet

    Foley KM, Gelband H, editors. Improving palliative care for cancer [Internet]. Washington: National Academy Press; 2001 [cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309074029/html/.

33. Website

    Cancer-Pain.org [Internet]. New York: Association of Cancer Online Resources, Inc.; c2000-01 [updated 2002 May 16; cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from: http://www.cancer-pain.org/.

34. Part of the website

    American Medical Association [Internet]. Chicago: The Association; c1995-2002 [updated 2001 Aug 23; cited 2002 Aug 12]. AMA Office of Group Practice Liaison; [about 2 screens]. Available from: http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/1736.html

35. Online database
    • Open database:
      

      Who's Certified [Internet]. Evanston (IL): The American Board of Medical Specialists. c2000 - [cited 2001 Mar 8]. Available from: http://www.abms.org/newsearch.asp

    • Database with authorization required:
      

      Jablonski S. Online Multiple Congenital Anomaly/Mental Retardation (MCA/MR) Syndromes [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); c1999 [updated 2001 Nov 20; cited 2002 Aug 12]. Available from:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive//20061212/mesh/jablonski/syndrome_title.html

36. Part of the database

    MeSH Browser [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2002 - . Meta-analysis [cited 2008 Jul 24]; [about 2 p.]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2008/MB_cgi?mode=&index=16408&view=concept MeSH Unique ID: D017418.

37. Blog

    Holt M. The Health Care Blog [Internet]. San Francisco: Matthew Holt. 2003 Oct - [cited 2009 Feb 13]. Available from: http://www.thehealthcareblog.com/the_health_care_blog/.

    KidneyNotes.com [Internet]. New York: KidneyNotes. c2006 - [cited 2009 Feb 13]. Available from: http://www.kidneynotes.com/.

    Wall Street Journal. HEALTH BLOG: WSJ's blog on health and the business of health [Internet]. Hensley S, editor. New York: Dow Jones & Company, Inc. c2007 - [cited 2009 Feb 13]. Available from: http://blogs.wsj.com/health/ .

38. Blog post

    Mantone J. Head trauma haunts many, researchers say. 2008 Jan 29 [cited 2009 Feb 13]. In: Wall Street Journal. HEALTH BLOG [Internet]. New York: Dow Jones & Company, Inc. c2008 - . [about 1 screen]. Available from:http://blogs.wsj.com/health/2008/01/29/head-trauma-haunts-many-researchers-say/.

    Campbell A. Diabetes and alcohol: do the two mix? (Part 2). 2008 Jan 28 [cited 2009 Feb 13]. In: Diabetes Self-Management Blog [Internet]. New York: Diabetes Self-Management. [2006 Aug 14]. - 2 p. Available from: http://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/blog/Amy_Campbell/Diabetes_and_Alcohol_Do_the_Two_Mix_Part_2

    Reider J. Docnotes: Health, Technology, Family Medicine and other observations [Internet]. [place unknown]: Jacob Reider. 1999 - . CRP again ...; 2004 Apr 2 [cited 2009 Feb 13]; [about 1 screen]. Available from:http://www.docnotes.com/2004/04/crp-again.html