Articles

Background. Presently, in diagnostic radiology, it is possible to use clinical decision support systems (CDSS) based on artificial intelligence technologies. These systems are integrated into medical information systems and/or federal health care information systems of the Russian Federation. The availability of a quality control system for diagnostic radiology enables impact evaluation of AI-based CDSS in the medical care. Moreover, the challenge of defect prevention in radiology with such CDSS...

Background. The revolutionary leap in Internet accessibility and the introduction of information technologies in all spheres of modern society have become significant reasons for the growing popularity of web applications providing personalized health information.
Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the online means of checking symptoms present in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet.
Research methods. To achieve this goal on the basis of the information submitted in the review of...

Background. The current level of digitalization of society determines the feasibility of developing effective web tools designed to expand the contingent of people who are motivated and ready to provide first aid. The purpose of the study is to develop a conceptual model of a multifunctional first aid web service based on an analysis of open web resources on first aid.
Materials and methods. In November-December 2022, 30 English-language and 30 Russian-language web resources on first aid were selected...

Successful efforts made to reduce incidence of tuberculosis have not translated into improved cure rates which remain low. This is largely due to long time for diagnosis, formation of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during treatment, a large set of anti-TB drugs and adverse events during their use. Therapy regimens change and replace each other rapidly, clinical guidelines update more and more often.
This along with growing number of comorbidities of a patient, requiring multicomponent...

Aim: study of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) needs in terms of therapy monitoring using a mobile application (MА) and the development of the required functions of the MА.
Materials and methods: 96 patients, 18 years of age and older (mean age 57,3±11,9) with a diagnosis of AF receiving anticoagulant therapy were included. We developed a questionnaire to assess the needs of patients with AF in terms of the use of MA, which included questions regarding the readiness of patients to use the...

Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of remote monitoring of patients with spine diseases in the postoperative period using a specialized questionnaire called «Medsenger».
Methods and Materials: 246 patients with spinal disorders were observed at the NMCPF during 2021-2022. Several clinical parameters were assessed and recorded during remote monitoring: severity of pain syndrome, temperature, increase/decrease of muscle strength, sensory disturbances, urinary tract dysfunction and general condition....

Background. Development of medical competences is the aim of medical education. Technology of virtual patients has become the main learning tool for these skills as a safe (for real patient), standard digital model. Remote access allows expanding the use, and learning even in case of face-to-face contact limitations.
Aim. Public presentation of the development dynamics and practical results of knowledge engineering during software creation for the formation and assessment of medical decision-making...

Aim. Healthcare is one of the priority sectors for the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The aim of the survey was to assess the awareness and collect opinions of Russian healthcare managers on AI technologies.
Materials and methods. An online survey was conducted in July-August 2022, using the Yandex.Forms service. The survey questionnaire consisted of 24 questions. An invitation to participate was sent to 1,105 Russian healthcare employees registered in the online community...

The article presents originally developed intelligent decision support tools designed for precancerous lesions and tumors of the oral mucosa diagnostics.
Background. There is well recognized need for better primary health care in patients with suspected maxillofacial tumors.
Aim: develop intelligent decision support tools for tumors of the oral mucosa diagnostics.
Methods. Developed method was based on generalization of the practicing doctors experience. Diagnostic parameters of the disease were...

Background. The development and implementation of medical information systems make it possible to simplify and automate many processes in medical organizations. At the same time, the amount of data on patients’ health is constantly accumulating which allows solving many problems related to the prediction and diagnosis of diseases.
Aim. To study approaches to processing of Russian unstructured medical texts and to predicting certain groups of diseases based on machine learning methods.
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Background. Strategic management of healthcare which, among all, includes modern digital technologies, has increasing importance in the light of non-communicable diseases burden.
Aim. To develop an tool which evaluates and predicts the digital maturity of healthcare, accounting for the strategic importance of combating chronic non-communicable diseases
Materials and methods. We performed an analytical study, making a systematic review of international experience, analysis and adaptation of the...

Aim: to develop and test a methodology for assessing the maturity of healthcare software based on artificial intelligence (AI).
Materials and methods. The methodology for developing a maturity matrix for AI-based healthcare software is based on published data and on an analysis of our own practical experience obtained during the «Experiment on the use of innovative technologies in the field of computer vision for the analysis of medical images and further application in the Moscow healthcare system...

Here we describe building a control impact intended to medically suppress tumor growth. The synthesis of control has been carried out using the method of linearization of a nonlinear system with state feedback. As a result of the study, a control law was obtained that provides the system with local stability, which translates into cessation of tumor growth in physical sense. The adequacy of the tumor growth model is achieved by constructing it using a self-organization algorithm with trend reser...

Causative relationships of microbiota with the human’s health and diseases are one of the most challenging issues in modern microbiology. Progress in this field could provide new tools for diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment. A new automated approach is proposed, as an addition to the methods of multidimensional statistical analysis. This approach is based on a planar projection of multidimensional analytical data and is distinguished by technological simplicity and clarity of the process of operational...

New measures to decrease the burden from cardiovascular morbidity are of great socio-economic importance. The aim of the study was to create artificial intelligence technology incorporating various methods and approaches for presenting and using knowledge to assess and predict individual risks of developing cardiovascular events. The following risk presenting models were used: scoring system, multivariate Weibull and logistic regression, artificial neural networks; an ontological approach for ex...

Information technologies in modern continuous professional education (CPE) of medical workers are playing an increasingly active role, becoming the basis for the training organization. Aiming to substantiate the strategy for the further development of CPE, we conducted a questionnaire survey of doctors (n=211) immersed in new forms of training using distance learning technologies. Furthermore, regulatory documents were provided that should become a basis for creating conditions f...

The problem of early and timely accurate diagnosis of rare hereditary diseases is global. The use of physician-assisted computer systems could solve it. There are various foreign medical decision support systems. However, there are currently no domestic functioning systems to resolve these issues.
The aim of this study is to improve the timeliness and accuracy of making a correct diagnosis in patients with signs of hereditary lysosomal storage diseases using an intelligent computer decision support...

Currently, there are no unified methodological approaches to diagnose certain diseases, syndromes, symptoms, where distant diagnostics and telemedicine-based treatment prescription are legal and feasible. There are limited and empirically generated lists of pathological conditions, accounting for possible risks. The development of regulatory and legal support for telemedicine-based medical care should be based on a scientific approach, providing for safety and quality assurance. Objective: to de...

Background. Considering the growing interest of researchers and clinical specialists in algorithms for processing medical data, the prospects for the applied application of such approaches have significantly increased, primarily, involving the use of deep neural networks in the tasks of detecting pathological areas. However, the use of such approaches is associated with a low level of localization accuracy, insufficient to translate the developments into the field of assistive systems for making...

The rationale for use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology departments to analyze medical images in real-life clinical practice was studied in a multicenter prospective trial. This was a part of the “Experiment on the use of innovative technologies in the field of computer vision for the analysis of medical images and further use in the healthcare system of Moscow” taking place in 2020. The trial included 18 different AI systems and 538 participating radiologists, all working wit...